| |
PHYSICS: INTRODUCTION
TO PHYSICS.
DEFINITION OF PHYSICS
The science of the nature. Physics is that
branch of science which treats of laws and properties of matter and
force acting upon it. The department of natural science (Physics)
which treats the causes (Electricity, Head, Light, Magnetism) that
modifying the general properties of body; natural philosophy.
OR
Physics is an important branch of Science which offers the
study of matter and energy along with the interaction between them.
BRANCHES OF PHYSICS
There are many branches of physics:
1. Electronics
"It is the branch of Physics which deals with development of
electrons, emitting the devices and utilization and controlling of
electrons flow in electrical circuit designed for various purpose."
2 Kinemetics
"It is the branch of Physics which deals with description of
motion without reference to any opposing or external force".
3. Optics
"It is the branch of Physics which deals with light and its
properties.
4. Dynamics
"It is the branch of Physics which deals with causes of motion
and their effects"
5. Calorimetery
"It is the branch of Physics which deals with measurement of
heat".
6. Atomic physics
"It is the branch of Physics which deals with properties and
structure of Atom".
7. Mechanics
"It is the branch of Physics which deals with motion of particles
or bodies under the action of given force".
CONTRIBUTION OF MUSLIMS SCIENTISTS
1. IBNE-AL-HAITHAM(965-1039 A.D)
INTRODUCTION
He was born in Basra a city of Iraq. He was one of the
great Muslim Scientist. He was a freat scholar of physics,mathematics,engineering,astronomy
and medicine.
CONTRIBUTION
1, He was a first man who discussed in detail about the
luminous, non-luminous and transparent bodies.
2, He also gave the structure and working of eyes.
3, He gave us many laws of reflection and wrote
many books about the reflection of light.
4, He also first time gave the idea that whenever
the ray of light is incident on an object some of the incident
rays are reflected from the object and enter the eyes consequently
the object becomes visible to the eyes which
is accepted the scientific view.
2. AL-BERUNI
INTRODUCTION
He was born in Berun a small town of Afghanistan.He wrote
many books on various subjects like physics,mathematics,culture,astronomy
e.t.c
CONTRIBUTION
1, He discussed in detail about the movement of
sun moon and others planets .
2, He determined the densities of various metals
.
3, He gave an idea that Earth is floating in the
sky like a ships in the water.
4, He also awarded that he was a first who said
that the velocity of light is more than the velocity of sound.
3.MUHAMMAD IBNE MUSA KHAWRZMI
INTRODUCTION
Abu Abdullah Muhammad Ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi was born in
850A.D at Khwarizm (Kheva), a town south of river Oxus in present
Uzbekistan.
CONTRIBUTION
1, Al-Khwarizmi was one of the greatest mathematicians ever lived.
He was the founder of several branches and
basic concepts of mathematics. He is also famous as an astronomer
and geographer.
2, He developed in detail trigonometric tables
containing the sine functions, which were later extrapolated to
tangent functions.
3, Al-Khwarizmi also developed the calculus of
two errors, which led him to the concept of differentiation. He
also refined the geometric representation of conic sections.
4, Al-Khwarizmi wrote a book on astronomical tables.
Several of his books were translated into Latin in the
early l2th century by Adelard of Bath and Gerard of Cremona. The
treatises on Arithmetic, Kitab al-Jam'a
wal-Tafreeq bil Hisab al-Hindi, and the one on Algebra, Al-Maqala
fi Hisab-al Jabr wa-al- Muqabilah, are known
only from Latin translations.
5, He was a first man who introduce the decimal
system in mathematics. |
|
