COMPUTER: DATA
PROCESSING .
Data Processing
Data processing often referred as D.P is a
process of collecting the data together and converting the data into
information. The method used for collecting the data may be manual,
mechanical or electronic.
Data processing is a term mostly associated with business
and commercial work. Since computers are being used in the processing
of data the term “electronic data processing” may also
be used.
Electronic Data Processing
Data processing means transformation of data into more meaningful
results for carrying out scientific, business activities. The result
of data processing is called “information”. The transformation
of data consist of a sequence of operations. The sequence is called
“procedure”.
Input -> Processing -> Output
Data processing is a system which takes data as an input, carries
out the required processing on the data and produces the information.
The system is called “MANUAL” when processing is performed
by human beings and “AUTOMATIC” when machines are used.
When computers are used for data processing the system is called “Electronic
Data Processing”.
Elements of EDP
There are five basic elements in a processing system which uses
a computer for processing data. These are hardware, software, user
program, procedure and personnels.
1. HARDWARE
All the physical parts which makes up a computer system called hardware
i.e. all the devices or peripherals which performs the data processing
operations.
2. SOFTWARE
Software consists of programs and routines whose purpose is to make
the computer useable for the user. These software normally supplied
by computer manufacturers or software manufacturers.
3. USER PROGRAM
A program consist of a related instructions to perform operations.
A data processing job may require a number of programs.
4. PROCEDURE
The operations of data processing system requires procedure for
use, in preparing data, for operating the computer and distributing
the output after processing.
5. PERSONNELS
E.D.P basically needs three kinds of skilled personnels.
a) System Analyst
b) Progammer
c) Operator
a) SYSTEM ANALYST
System Analyst studies information needs and data processing requirements,
design a data processing system and prepare specification.
b) PROGRAMMER
A Programmer writes a programmer on specification by System Analyst.
c) OPERATOR
An Operator is a person who operates the computer system. |
